Details
General
Morphemic form: | N{-qaq}V |
New orthography: | -qarpoq |
Old orthography: | -ĸarpoĸ |
Combinations: | Click here |
See also: | N{-gə}V, N{-lək}N, |
Left sandhi: | Truncative,
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Right sandhi: | Default/none,
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Inflection sandhi: | Default/none,
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Stem type: | q-stem |
Diathesis: | Subjective |
Valency change: | None |
Valency: | Avalent,
Monovalent,
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Description and behaviour
Form and usage:
This affix is monovalent, but it may also be used in a completely avalent sense, with a 3sg ending and no explicit specification of subject.
Meanings and examples
This meaning is monovalent.
- illoqarpunga, I have (a) house
From illu, 'house'. Note that the incorporated noun has no number, so it can also mean 'I have (several) houses'. The distinction between singular and plural can only be made, if a modifier is added to the incorporated noun (in the instrumental case).
- qaqortumik illoqarpunga, I have a (single) white house
Here qaqortumik functions as a modifier to the incorporated noun illu. Because the ending is singular, N{mək}, it signifies that the incorporated noun also should be understood as singular; hence I only have a single house. Had it instead been qaqortunik illoqarpunga, the plural ending N{nək} on the modifier would signify that I have several white houses.
This meaning is avalent and can only be used with a 3sg (or 4sg) ending, without any explicit specification of the Subject.
- qaqqani aputeqarpoq, there is snow on the mountains
This could equivalently be expressed as qaqqat aputeqarput, in a monovalent sense, where qaqqat 'the mountains' instead act as an explicit subject specification.
- anguterpassuaqarpoq, there is a lot of men
From {aŋutə}N and N{(q)vakcuaq}N.