Details

General

Morphemic form: N{-iq}V
New orthography: -erpaa, -iivoq, -erpoq, -ersivoq
Old orthography: -erpâ, -îvoĸ, -ersivoĸ
Combinations: Click here
Left sandhi:
Truncative,
/aq/ deleting,
Right sandhi:
Assibilation (t⇒s),
Inflection sandhi:
Default/none,
Stem type: q-stem
Diathesis: Patientive
Valency change: None
Valency:
Divalent,
HTR morpheme:
ði,
HTR stem: -ii, -iqsi,

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

This affix has several meanings:

The HTR-form of this affix is formed with {ði}. Normally, the HTR-form is -iivoq with loss of /ð/ and deletion of /q/ as usual with this HTR-morpheme. However, there seems to be an alternative, irregularly formed, HTR-form, -ersivoq (old orthography: ersivoĸ), which seems to have been formed from {ði} being joined additively onto /q/, with /ð/ then becoming /t/ and subsequently assibilated to /s/, i.e.

Besides having the expected HTR-meaning of N{-iq}V, the form N{-iqsi}V is also used in the sense of 'Actor freezes in the N', similar to the intransitive form of N{-iq}V.


Meanings and examples

Or 'Agent removes N from Patient', when used with transitive ending.

  • simeerpaa, he uncorks it
    [4]

    E.g. a bottle. From simiaq, 'cork' or 'plug', with deletion of the final /aq/.

  • annoraarpaa, he undresses him
    [4]

    From annoraaq, 'anorak', with deletion of the final /aq/. Thus literally, 'he takes the annoraaq off him'. However, the word has been lexicalised in the sense of 'he undresses him' or 'takes the clothes off him'.

  • matuerpaa, he opens it
    [4]

    From matu, 'door' or 'lid', so literally 'he removes the lid from it'.

  • matuiisoq, bouncer/door warden
    [4]

    Literally: 'someone who removes (opens) a door'. This is formed with the ordinary HTR-stem {-ii}.

  • peersivoq, he removes (something)
    [4]

    Formed with the alternative HTR-stem {-iqsi} and the dummy root {pi}N, giving the pure meaning of the affix itself.

When used intransitively without a HTR-morpheme.

  • imaarpoq, it has lost (its) contents
    [4]

    Or: 'it is empty'. From imaq, 'contents'.

  • simeerpoq, it has been uncorked
    [8]

    I.e., a bottle. This is formed similarly to simeerpaa.

When used intransitively without a HTR-morpheme and 3rd person endings, without an explicit Subject.

  • sikuerpoq, it has become ice-free
    [8]

    I.e., the sea ice has broken up or melted, from siku, '(sea) ice'.

  • aputaarpoq, the snow has melted
    [4]

    I.e., 'it has become free of snow', from aput, 'snow', a tə-stem.

When used intransitively without a HTR-morpheme. Note that there thus seemingly is no difference between having lost an item, and selling an item. Alternatively, V{niaq}V may also be added to emphasise the 'sell' meaning.

  • orsuerpoq, he sells blubber
    [4]

    From orsoq, 'blubber'.

  • uu(g)aerpoq, he sells cod
    [4]

    From uuaq or uugaq, 'cod'.

  • eqalussuup tinguerniarpoq, he sells shark liver
    [4]

    From eqalussuup tingua, 'shark liver'. Note that this is irregularly formed, since tinguk here is possessed, but the affix is added directly to the stem without the possessive ending.

When used intransitively without a HTR-morpheme, with noun stems representing body parts. This meaning can also be obtained by using the alternative HTR-form {-iqsi}.

  • isigaarpoq, his feet are freezing
    [4]

    Or 'he feels cold in (his) feet', from isigak, 'foot'.

  • assaalerpunga, I'm freezing my hands
    [4]

    Old orthography; agssailerpunga. From assak, 'hand', and with V{-liq}V, 'begin to'. Hence, this affix is reduced to a single vowel phoneme /i/, since the final /q/ is removed, and this /i/ is furthermore assimilated by the preceding [a], making it difficult to recognise.

  • siutaarsivoq, his ears are cold
    [4]

    From siut, 'ear', a tə-stem, with /ə/ becoming [a] before the vowel, which is then assimilated to [a] as well. Note that this is formed with the alternative HTR-form {-iqsi}.

  • qingaarsivoq, his nose is cold
    [4]

    From qingaq, 'nose'. This is formed with the alternative HTR-form {-iqsi}.


References