Details
General
| Morphemic form: | {aqlaq}N |
| New orthography: | arlaq, arlaat |
| Old orthography: | ardlaĸ, ardlât |
| Sources: | [19, 16, 13] |
| Combinations: | View list |
| See also: | {aippaq}N, {ila}N, {iŋluk}N |
| Right sandhi: | Default/none |
| Inflection sandhi: | Default/none |
| Stem type(s): | Weak q-stem |
Description and behaviour
Form and usage:
The meaning of this base is 'the other (of Possessor)' or 'one (of Possessor) but not the other', so it denotes a choice between two parts.
It is a partitive stem, like {ila}N, but one way to construe the difference is to think of {ila}N as denoting the part that is selected (from a larger whole), whereas {aqlaq}N denotes the other part; i.e. the part that was deselected.
Consider two boats with people in them. Kleinschmidt [13] gives the following contrasting examples to illustrate the difference:
- ilavut, 'those in our own company', e.g. those in this boat.
- arlavut, 'our others', e.g. those in the other boat (but not us)
Both examples here are with the absolutive 1pl/pl ending N{-vut}, 'our Ns'. He also gives another example:
- arlassi ornilliuk,
- ilassi ornilliuk,
Both examples here use ornippaa, 'he approaches him' with the 3sg/sg optative mood ending V{liuk}, 'let him Vb it'. According to Kleinschmidt: "Both must be translated as 'let one of you go to him', but the difference is that in the former sentence, the emphasis is on one (and not the others); whereas in the latter sentence [the emphasis is on] of you."
Especially in older texts, the present stem could also be used to denote one in constructions such as 'one and/or the other', where 'the other' would be denoted by {aippaq}N. However, in newer texts, {aippaq}N may be used for both. Consider the following three translations of the New Testament, Matt. 6:24, "Either you will hate the one and love the other, or you will be devoted to the one and despise the other.":
- Fabricius (1794) [1]: Arlaak uumigiumaaramiuk aappaa asallugu, arlaalluunniit ungagiumaaramiuk aappaa asiginnarlugu.
- Kleinschmidt (1893) [2]: Arlaat uumigiguniuk aappaa asassavaa, arlaalluunniit ungagigunik aappaa asiginnassavaa.
- Bibelselskabet (2000) [6]: Aappaa uumigiguniuk aappaa asassavaa, aappaa tulaavigiguniuk aappaa.
Here we see both Fabricius and Kleinschmidt using {aqlaq}N for 'the one', but in the Bible translation from 2000 {aippaq}N is used for both 'one' and 'the other'.
Inflection
Declension pattern:
| Stem type: | Weak q-stem |
| Declension type: | p-declined |
| Declension sandhi: | Default/none |
Notes on declension:
This stem is almost always only used with possessive endings. Thus, we do not give a full declension pattern.
Meanings and examples
- kina arlaat aallassava?, who of them shall travel?
[16]
Emphasising that the others are not going to travel.
- kia arlaata pissavaa?, who of them shall have it?
[16]
Emphasising that the others shall not have it.
In constructions of the form 'the one ... and/or ...the other', where 'the other' is denoted by {aippaq}N. This is especially in older language.
- arlaat talerpiata tungaanut aappaalu saamiata tungaanut., the one to the right and the other to the left
[2]
The newer bible translation [6] has 'aappaa talerpiata tungaani aappaalu saamiata tungaani', thus again using {aippaq}N for both 'the one' and 'the other'.