Details

General

Morphemic form: D{uuna}
New orthography: +uuna, +ana
Old orthography: -ûna, -una
Sources: [CR88], [CWSL51], [SB03], [FAJN19]
Combinations: View list
Left sandhi: Default

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

This is the vialis marker for demonstrative pronouns and adverbials. It appears to be related to the ordinary vialis marker {gut}, even though this relation is highly opaque nowadays. According to [MFSJLK10], the historical form of this ending was {uguna}, where the /g/ later appears to have dropped. The source of the initial /u/ is unclear. The historical form of the vialis marker was {kun}, where the /k/ must have weakened to /g/. The final /a/ is the 'demonstrative a', cf. D{a}. Thus, the ending seems to have formed as

Note that the ending itself does not show number; for adverbials, there is no number, and for pronouns, the number is shown by the inflectional stem, rather than by the ending.


Left sandhi:

There is a special case, when this ending is added to the demonstrative {mat}D to form an adverbial. In this case, the long /uu/ is reduced to just /u/, rather than injecting an epenthetic consonant to separate the vowels.


Meanings and examples


Search the corpus for further examples.


References