Details
General
| Morphemic form: | V{ssa}V (Combinations) |
| New orthography: | -ssaaq, -ssapput |
| Proto-eskimoic root: | tya- |
| Morpheme type: | Verbal modifier |
| Left sandhi: | Default (additive, epenthetic or phonotactically truncative) |
| Right sandhi: | None |
Description
Form and usage:
Verbal future affix. Note: Although this affix can be used on stems of any valency, it will always occur after any HTR-morpheme, hence there is no HTR-stem.
This affix has a small right-sandhi irregularity, i.e. when it is the last morpheme before the ending: In intransitive indicative (and only in this mood!), it removes the single /v/ from the mood marker {vu}, which thus yields {ssa}{vu} ⇒ /ssau/, which then regularly becomes [ssaa] by the a-rule. However, the geminated /(v)v/, occurring with IND.3pl is not affected. Thus, this affix changes five of the six endings in transitive indicative as follows:
| Morphemes | Phonemes | Spelling | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg: | V{ssa}V{vuŋa} | ⇒ | /ssauŋa/ | ⇒ | -ssaanga | |
| 2sg: | V{ssa}V{vutət} | ⇒ | /ssautət/ | ⇒ | -ssaatit | |
| 3sg: | V{ssa}V{vuq} | ⇒ | /ssauq/ | ⇒ | -ssaaq | |
| 1pl: | V{ssa}V{vugut} | ⇒ | /ssaugut/ | ⇒ | -ssaagut | |
| 2pl: | V{ssa}V{vusi} | ⇒ | /ssausi/ | ⇒ | -ssaasi | |
| 3pl: | V{ssa}V{(v)vut} | ⇒ | /ssavvut/ | ⇒ | -ssapput | (no irregularity) |
In all other moods, including transitive indicative (i.e. mood marker {va}), this affix is completely regular. Thus e.g. with V{vara} (transitive IND.1sg/3sg) we get -ssavara, without any specialities.
Verb stem
| Right sandhi: | Irregular changes to mood marker (see description) |
| Valency: | Valency-preserving |
| Diathesis: | Unaltered (same as the stem) |
Meaning(s)
| Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|
| future, 'shall' Vb | The meaning of this affix is to denote that the verbal action is future (rather than past/present, which is the default for verbal stems without a special future marking). English does not have a verbal inflection for future, so this affix may perhaps best be translated as 'shall Vb' or 'will Vb'. However, note that 'shall' in English also may denote a command or obligation etc., but this is not normally the case with V{ssa}V. | Examples |
| without Vb'ing | when used in the negative contemporative mood, i.e. -ssanani etc. |