Details

General

Morphemic form: V{'-qluk}V
New orthography: -rluppoq
Old orthography: -rdlugpoĸ
Sources: [14, 18]
Combinations: Click here
Constituents: V{nəq}N, N{luk}V,
Variants: V{nəqluk}V,
See also: N{(q)luk}N, V{'-rik}V,
Left sandhi:
Truncative,
Geminating,
Right sandhi:
Default/none,
Inflection sandhi:
Default/none,
Stem type: k-stem
Diathesis: None
Valency:
Monovalent,
Preserving,
HTR-morphemes: V{ði}V

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

According to the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [18], this is a non-productive variant of the combination V{nəqluk}V, where /nə/ appears to have dropped and instead causes compensatory gemination in the stem. This appears to have been formed similar to the geminating affix V{'-rik}V, likewise from a combination of V{nəq}N and N{-gik}V, where the latter is the antonym of N{luk}V. It is found in a few lexicalised words or affixes, but not recorded in many dictionaries as a separate affix. The meaning is the same as the productive variant, i.e. 'Subject Vb badly'.


Left sandhi:

The affix causes gemination of a single consonant in the preceding stem, if possible. If the last vowel in the stem is /e/, the affix may also cause metathesis, moving the stem-final consonant into the stem and causing /ə/ to take the sound [a]. For example

Due to the assimilation in the new orthography, this is indistinguishable from gemination of /n/, except for the change of the sound [i] to [a]. However, in the old orthography, we can see that this in fact is metathesis, since the combination yields singnardlugpoĸ, where 'ng' reflects a /k/ that has been assimilated by a nasal, here /n/.

See also the affixes V{'-rik}V and V{'-qtu}V, which appear to have been similarly formed from V{nəq}N, and which behave similarly.


Notable forms:

Meanings and examples

There are not many examples, since few dictionaries list this as a separate affix.

  • mattorluppoq, it closes badly [16]

    E.g. a door that does not close completely. From matuvoq, 'it closes', with gemination of /t/ to /tt/.

  • kitserluppai, he miscounts them [16]

    From kisippai, 'he counts them', with gemination of /s/ to /tc/ or /tt/, spelt 'ts' in either case. The HTR-form is kitserluivoq, hence we know that this affix is valency-preserving and forms its HTR-stem in the expected way.

  • atuffarluppoq, he reads badly; he is bad at reading [13]

    From {atuvaq}V, i.e. atuarpoq, 'he reads', with gemination of the unwritten /v/ to [ff]. Note: Schultz-Lorentzen records this as a separate affix, -vfardlugpoĸ, but the only example he gives is atuvfardlugpoĸ, and it is therefore clear that this form in fact arises from gemination in the stem caused by V{'-qluk}V.

  • ernitsorluppoq, she has pains/difficulties giving birth [10]

    From ernisuppoq, 'she has labour pains' with gemination of /s/ to /tc/.

  • tutsarluppoq, he has bad hearing; he mishears something [10]

    From tusarpoq, 'he hears something' with gemination of /s/ to /tc/.

  • sinnarluppoq, he sleeps badly [13]

    From {sinək}V, 'he sleeps', with metathesis and /ə/ taking the sound [a].


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