Details

General

Morphemic form: V{ðuqaq}V
New orthography: +toqarpoq, +soqarpoq
Old orthography: -toĸarpoĸ, -ssoĸarpoĸ
Combinations: Click here
Constituents: V{ðuq}N, N{-qaq}V,
Left sandhi:
Default,
tð->ts,
Right sandhi:
Default/none,
Inflection sandhi:
Default/none,
Stem type: q-stem
Diathesis: Subjective
Valency change: Decreasing
Valency:
Avalent,

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

This affix expresses 'there is Vb'ing', of 'there is someone who/that Vb'. It is a straightforward combination of intransitive participle V{ðuq}N and N{-qaq}V, here in the avalent sense 'there is N'. This construction is a form of clefting, which is used to focus on the verbal action. See also *{una} for a different type of clefting, which focuses on the subject. Note: This affix only makes sense on monovalent stems, and the resulting verb will be avalent.


Left sandhi:

Left sandhi is inherited from the left-most component, V{ðuq}N. See this for details.


Right sandhi:

Right sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, N{-qaq}V. See this for details.


Inflection sandhi:

Inflection sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, N{-qaq}V. See this for details.


Meanings and examples

  • nipilersortoqarpoq, there is someone (who is) playing music (on an instrument)

    Compare the cleft sentence 'there is someone playing music' with the direct form 'he plays music' (nipilersorpoq). The former focuses more on the action itself (i.e. the fact that it is taking place), rather than on who performs the action.

  • inersuarmi sinittoqarpoq, there is someone sleeping in the living-room
  • unnuaru nipilersortoqassaaq, there will be (live)-music tonight

    Literally, 'tonight there will be someone playing music'. Here V{ðuqaq}V is followed by future affix V{ssa}V (which has some special right-sandhi rules, hence the unusual shape of the ending V{vuq}). This combination, V{ðuq}N{-qaq}V{ssa}V is very common on e.g. posters, advertisements, programmes etc. describing some future event.