Details

General

Morphemic form: {kəsi}N
New orthography: kisima, kisivit, kisiat, kisimi, kisitta, kisissi, kisiisa, kisimik
Old orthography: kisima, kisivit, kisiat, kisime, kisivta, kisivse, kisîsa, kisimik
Sources: [11, 14]
Combinations: Click here
Right sandhi:
Default/none,
Inflection sandhi:
Default/none,
Stem type: Vowel stem

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

This stem is used to denote 'alone', or more abstractly aloneness. It is usually grouped together with the other quantitative stems, especially {tamaq}N, since both are frequently used today.


Inflection

Declension pattern:

Declension type: None
Declension sandhi: Default/none

Stem before consonant Stem before vowel Notable forms
New orthography kisi kisi
-
-
-
kisiat
Phonemic orthography kəsi kəsi
-
-
-
kəsiat

Notes on declension:

This affix is a nominative-accusative stem. Thus, it is only used with ergative possessive endings, regardless of whether it is used to denote a Subject or Object; or with prepositional case endings (either possessed or unpossessed). Furthermore, in the 3rd/4th person, it follows a nominative-accusative pattern with 4th person used for both transitive and intransitive Subjects, and 3rd person only used for transitive Objects. See further in the inflection description for {tamaq}N.

The stem may be used with a few, noun-extending affixes, especially N{(q)cuaq}N and N{(q)luinnaq}N, but the resulting stem still has to be used with the ergative possessive endings and follow the nominative-accusative pattern as described above.


Meanings and examples

  • una kisiat pissavara, I shall (just) have that one alone; I shall have only that one [11]

    Here used as object, thus the 3rd person is used.

  • kisivit tikiuppit?, are you come alone?; are you alone come? [11]
  • kisinnut, to me alone [11]

    With 1sg allative possessive N{mnut}.

  • kisinni, at you alone [11]

    With 2sg locative possessive N{kni}.

  • kisissinnit, from you alone [11]

    With 2pl ablative possessive N{vsinnit}.

  • kiserluinnarmi, he is entirely alone [11]

    With N{(q)luinnaq}N for emphasis.


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