Details

General

Morphemic form: V{-kula}V
New orthography: -kulavoq
Old orthography: -kulavoĸ
Sources: [12, 11, 14]
Combinations: Click here
Constituents: ?, V{-la}V,
Variants: V{-kulaaq}V,
Left sandhi:
Truncative,
Right sandhi:
Default/none,
Inflection sandhi:
Default/none,
Stem type: Vowel stem
Diathesis: None
Valency:
Preserving,

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

The meaning of this affix is 'Subject Vb often, habitually'. According to the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [16], it contains the morpheme {la(ʀ)-}, cf. V{-la}V, 'repeatedly'. The authors further speculate, that the first part of the affix is from an unattested morpheme {k(k)u-}, which they believe is related to another morpheme {qu-}, 'one after the other'. However, this morpheme does not have a direct descendant in Kalaallisut, but cf. N{kkuutaaq}V.

The affix also has a variant form, V{-kulaaq}V, presumably with the affix V{-aq}V. According to Schultz-Lorentzen [11], these two forms can be used interchangeably.


Meanings and examples

When followed by a negation affix, the meaning becomes 'Subject Vb rarely'.

  • isikulanngilaq, he rarely comes in [11]

    E.g. for a visit. From iserpoq, 'he enters', with the negation affix V{ŋŋit}V.

  • isikulajunnaarpoq, he no longer visits us often [11]

    Same as the previous example, but with V{yuknaiq}V instead of the negation affix.