Details

General


Morphemic form: V{nəqaq}V (Combinations)
New orthography: +neqarpoq
Proto-eskimoic root:
Constituents: V{nəq}N + N{-qaq}V
Morpheme type: Verbal modifier
Left sandhi: ə-eliding (additive)
Right sandhi: None

Description


Form and usage:

This affix is formed by a combination of abstract participle V{nəq}N and N{-qaq}V. This combined affix is used to create a dynamic passive construction: It only makes sense on divalent stems, and it reduce the valency to yield a monovalent stem.

Left sandhi:

The first component in this combined affix is V{nəq}N, which optionally may elide /ə/ on certain stems. This is, however, not regular, and it will rarely, if ever, occur in active production with this combination today.


Verb stem


Right sandhi: Regular
Valency: Valency-reducing
Diathesis: Patientive (NAP)

Meaning(s)


Meaning Notes
Patient is/gets Vb'ed This affix expresses dynamic passive, which contrasts with the static passive expressed with the affix V{-ðau}V. This difference is very clear in Greenlandic, and also in a language like Danish, but unfortunately not in English. See the AITWG, chapter 9, for a detailed description of the difference between these two kinds of passive constructions. Examples