Details
General
Morphemic form: | {kamək}N |
New orthography: | kamik, kamiit, kammit, kanngit, kammi, kanngi |
Proto-eskimoic root: | kaməɣ |
Morpheme type: | Noun base |
Right sandhi: | None |
Description
Noun stem
Stem type: | Strong k-stem |
Declension type: | up-declined |
Declension sandhi: | Metathesis |
| ABS.sg | ERG.sg | ERG.pl | ALL.sg | ABS.3sg/sg | Special forms |
New orthography |
kamik |
kammup |
kammit |
kamimmut |
kamma |
kammi (ABS.4sg/sg) |
New orthography |
kamik |
kanngup |
kanngit |
kamimmut |
kannga |
kanngi (ABS.4sg/sg) |
Phonemic notation |
kamək |
kakmup |
kakmit |
kaməkmut |
kakma |
|
Notes on declension:
This stem declines with 'regular' metathesis according to Schultz-Lorentzen (1951), i.e. with N{-up} and /mək/ becoming /km/. Note that the metathesised cluster can be realised as either [mm] or [ŋŋ], so I have recorded both spellings. However, it seems that kanngit is the preferred plural form. Note also the special ABS.4sg.sg form kammi (resp. kanngi) with the archaic 4.sg/sg ending N{-i}, which also triggers metathesis.
Stem type: | Regular k-stem |
Declension type: | ip-declined |
Declension sandhi: | Limited metathesis (only in ERG.sg and pl) |
| ABS.sg | ERG.sg | ERG.pl | ALL.sg | ABS.3sg/sg | Special forms |
New orthography |
kamik |
kammip |
kammit |
kamimmut |
kamia |
|
Phonemic notation |
kamək |
kakmip |
kakmit |
kaməkmut |
kaməa |
|
Notes on declension:
Alternatively, this stem may be declined with N{-ip} and only limited metathesis. This declension seems to be preferred today, especially for ERG.sg (and vowel-initial endings), rather than the up-declension. Yet people may still prefer the 'regular' metathetic form kanngit for plural, which makes the behaviour of this stem seem quite irregular, because of the mixing of these patterns.
Stem type: | Regular k-stem |
Declension type: | up-declined |
Declension sandhi: | Regular |
| ABS.sg | ERG.sg | ERG.pl | ALL.sg | ABS.3sg/sg | Special forms |
New orthography |
kamik |
kamiup |
kamiit |
kamimmut |
kamia |
|
Notes on declension:
Lastly, this stem may even decline like a completely regular k-stem, i.e. kamiup, kamiit. However, even here there may be a mixing a patterns, so some people may prefer kamiup for ERG.sg, but still use kanngit for ERG.pl.
Meaning(s)