Details
General
| Morphemic form: | {kamək}N |
| New orthography: | kamik, kamiit, kammit, kanngit, kammi, kanngi |
| Proto-eskimoic root: | kaməɣ |
| Morpheme type: | Noun base |
| Right sandhi: | None |
Description
Noun stem
| Stem type: | Strong k-stem |
| Declension type: | up-declined |
| Declension sandhi: | Metathesis |
| ABS.sg | ERG.sg | ERG.pl | ALL.sg | ABS.3sg/sg | Special forms |
| New orthography |
kamik |
kammup |
kammit |
kamimmut |
kamma |
kammi (ABS.4sg/sg) |
| New orthography |
kamik |
kanngup |
kanngit |
kamimmut |
kannga |
kanngi (ABS.4sg/sg) |
| Phonemic notation |
kamək |
kakmup |
kakmit |
kaməkmut |
kakma |
|
Notes on declension:
This stem declines with 'regular' metathesis according to Schultz-Lorentzen (1951), i.e. with N{-up} and /mək/ becoming /km/. Note that the metathesised cluster can be realised as either [mm] or [ŋŋ], so I have recorded both spellings. However, it seems that kanngit is the preferred plural form. Note also the special ABS.4sg.sg form kammi (resp. kanngi) with the archaic 4.sg/sg ending N{-i}, which also triggers metathesis.
| Stem type: | Regular k-stem |
| Declension type: | ip-declined |
| Declension sandhi: | Limited metathesis (only in ERG.sg and pl) |
| ABS.sg | ERG.sg | ERG.pl | ALL.sg | ABS.3sg/sg | Special forms |
| New orthography |
kamik |
kammip |
kammit |
kamimmut |
kamia |
|
| Phonemic notation |
kamək |
kakmip |
kakmit |
kaməkmut |
kaməa |
|
Notes on declension:
Alternatively, this stem may be declined with N{-ip} and only limited metathesis. This declension seems to be preferred today, especially for ERG.sg (and vowel-initial endings), rather than the up-declension. Yet people may still prefer the 'regular' metathetic form kanngit for plural, which makes the behaviour of this stem seem quite irregular, because of the mixing of these patterns.
| Stem type: | Regular k-stem |
| Declension type: | up-declined |
| Declension sandhi: | Regular |
| ABS.sg | ERG.sg | ERG.pl | ALL.sg | ABS.3sg/sg | Special forms |
| New orthography |
kamik |
kamiup |
kamiit |
kamimmut |
kamia |
|
Notes on declension:
Lastly, this stem may even decline like a completely regular k-stem, i.e. kamiup, kamiit. However, even here there may be a mixing a patterns, so some people may prefer kamiup for ERG.sg, but still use kanngit for ERG.pl.
Meaning(s)