Details

General

Morphemic form: V{-(g)innaq}V
New orthography: -innarpoq, -annarpoq, -ginnarpoq, +sinnarpoq
Old orthography: -ínarpoĸ, -gínarpoĸ, -sínarpoĸ
Sources: [9, 12, 11, 14]
Combinations: Click here
Variants: V{sinnaq}V, N{-(g)innaq}N,
Left sandhi:
Truncative,
/aq/ deleting,
Irregular,
Right sandhi:
Default/none,
Inflection sandhi:
Irregular,
Stem type: q-stem
Diathesis: None
Valency change: Preserving
Valency:
None,

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

According to Kleinschmidt [9], this affix has three related meanings:

  1. 'Subject just Vb', i.e. without doing anything else,
  2. 'Subject always (continually) Vb',
  3. 'Subject Vb unconditionally'.

However, nowadays the affix is only used in the first sense, i.e. 'just Vb'ing'. It also has a nominal variant, N{-innaq}N with a similar meaning.


Left sandhi:

The affix is truncative, but it will inject an epenthetic /g/ where phonotactics require epenthesis, rather than the regular /v/. In older language and lexicalised constructions, it may inject /s/ rather than /g/ and join additively on to q-stems. Thus:

This behaviour is not used nowadays, but it may be found in older texts. For example oqarsinnarpoq from oqarpoq.

According to Kleinschmidt [9], /s/ may also be injected whenever the affix is used with the 3rd meaning, regardless of the shape of the preceding stem. We record these cases separately, as the affix V{sinnaq}V.

There are also lexicalised examples of words formed with this affix, where it has deleted a final /aq/ from the preceding stem, although this behaviour does not seem to be regular nowadays.


Inflection sandhi:

Kleinschmidt [9] and Schultz-Lorentzen [11] both mention forms with reduced endings in imperative, similar to V{gallaq}V, but this is probably not used/regular nowadays. However, these forms may be seen in older texts, so we mention them here. The irregularities occur with imperative endings with 2sg as Subject, i.e. the endings V{-git} and V{-guk}, where the final /q/ from the stem, and the initial /g/ from the ending, are both dropped instead of having /qg/ merge to /r/ as usual. Thus:


Meanings and examples

This is meaning 2.

  • oqaluinnarpoq, he is always talking

    or 'he just keeps talking'

  • ilaaginnarpoq, he is always coming along

    From {ilau}V, 'Actor is coming along'. This example illustrates the injection of /g/, which is required by phonotactics here because of the preceding [aa].

  • naalaannarpoq, he is entirely obedient [11]
  • ajuinnarpoq, he is just (continuously) ill [9]

    I.e., he keeps being ill, from ajorpoq, 'he is ill'.

Also in imperative 'just Vb!'. This is merging meaning 1. and 3.

  • oqaannarit, just let me know [11]

    Literally 'just say something'. Note: Schultz-Lorentzen [11] has oĸarsínait! here with the alternative /s/ initial form om q-stems, and with the reduced imperative ending -it instead of the regular V{-git}.

  • iperaannarpaa, he just let it go [11]
  • tikiinnarparput, we just reached it [9]

    I.e., we only arrived there (but we did nothing there, or we did not get any further), from tikippaa, 'he reaches it; he arrives at it'.

  • soraaginnarpugut, we just stopped/finished (working) [9]

    E.g. because there was nothing more to be done that day.

  • tassa aallaannarpunga, that's it, I'll just leave [9]

    E.e., 'there is nothing further for me to do'.

  • tiguinnaqqajaqaakka, I had nearly just taken them [9]

    From tiguaa, 'he takes it', and V{lqajaqə}V, 'nearly'.