Details
General
| Morphemic form: | V{tquŋŋit}V |
| New orthography: | -qqunngilaa |
| Old orthography: | -rĸúngilâ |
| Sources: | [19, 16] |
| Combinations: | View list |
| Constituents: | V{tqu}V + V{ŋŋit}V |
| Left sandhi: | Default |
| Right sandhi: | Assibilation (t⇒s), tð⇒ts |
| Inflection sandhi: | Irregular |
| Stem type: | t-stem |
| Diathesis: | Reflexive (BP) |
| Valency: | Preserving, Agent increasing |
Description and behaviour
Form and usage:
This is a straightforward combination of V{tqu}V and V{ŋŋit}V, denoting 'Agent forbids Patient to Vb'.
When used with intransitive form without an intervening HTR-morpheme, the meaning is reflexive: 'Agent forbids (some-/anyone) to Vb him'.
If the stem is monovalent, the affix will increase the valency (with the former Actor as Patient).
However, if the stem is divalent, it will increase the valency by introducing a new Agent (shadowing the Agent role of the stem).
See V{tqu}V for details.
As with V{tqu}V, the diathesis is reflexive.
Thus, if this affix is used in intransitive form without an intervening HTR-morpheme, the meaning becomes: 'Agent forbids (some-/anyone) to Vb him'.
Right sandhi:
Right sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, V{ŋŋit}V. See this for details.
Inflection sandhi:
Inflection sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, V{ŋŋit}V. See this for details.
Meanings and examples
Or 'does not permit' or similar.
- aallaqqunngilaa, he forbids him to travel
[19]
- iluarsaateqqunngilaa, he forbids him to renovate it
[19]
From iluarsaappaa, a t(ə)-stem.
- nereqqunngilaa, he forbids him to eat
[19]
- iseqqunngilaanga, he did not permit me to come inside
[16]
Literally 'he did not bid me come in'.
When used with intransitive form without an intervening HTR-morpheme.
- mitaatigeqqunngilaq, he does not want to be made fun off
[16]
From mitaatigaa, 'he makes fun of him', with intransitive form without HTR, i.e. 'he forbids (some-/anyone) to make fun of him'.