Details

General

Morphemic form: {kiŋunəq}N
New orthography: kinguneq, kingornga
Old orthography: kinguneĸ, kingornga
Sources: [MFSJLK10], [SK71], [JP67], [CWSL58], [CBBJRPIKJR97]
Combinations: View list
Constituents: {kiŋu}N + V{nəq}N
Right sandhi: Default/none
Inflection sandhi: Strong stem, Metathesis, up-declined, Cəq⇒qC or qŋ
Stem type: q-stem

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

The basic meaning of this stem is 'area behind Possessor'. However, it can also denote 'consequence', i.e. 'that which follows' (from something).

In addition to this spatial meaning, it also has a temporal meaning: 'time after Possessor', usually in the absolutive or vialis cases. Note the inverted direction here: We are used to think that we walk forwards into the future, but the image here is the opposite (quite as in the English word 'after'). The past lies before the speaker, so you can envision the speaker walking backwards into the future whilst looking ahead into the past.

See also the base {sivunəq}N for the converse meaning, i.e. 'before-area' and 'time before'.

Etymology and form
According to the Comparative Eskimo Dictionary [MFSJLK10], this stem is formed from a combination of {kiŋu}N + V{nəq}N, even though the latter affix normally only attaches to verbal stems. However, we still record this as a combination, since the present stem in all regards behaves like any other stem derived with V{nəq}N.


Right sandhi:

Right sandhi is inherited from the right-most component, V{nəq}N. See this for details.


Inflection

Inflection pattern:

Stem type: q-stem
Inflection sandhi: Strong stem, Metathesis, up-declined, Cəq⇒qC or qŋ
Sources: [JP67]

Notes on inflection:

The stem inflects as a strong q-stem with metathesis, similar to the last component V{nəq}N. See that for inflection details.


Meanings and examples

Especially in the locative case to denote 'in the area', but any of the prepositional cases may be used.

Tags: Space, Spatial/positional noun

  • kingorngani, behind him [SK71]

    Literally: in his behind-area

  • kinguninni, behind me [SK71]

    Literally: in my behind-area

  • kingorni salippaa, it sweeps (the ground) behind it [SK71]

    Literally: it sweeps its (own) behind-area. This could e.g. be a tree that is dragged along the ground.

Especially in the absolutive or vialis cases to denote time.

Tags: Time

  • kingorngagut, after him/it [SK71]

    I.e. with the 3sg/sg possessive vialis case.

  • Kristusip inunngornerata kingornagut, A.D [CBBJRPIKJR97]

    Literally: the after-time of the birth of Christ.

  • Atuareernerup Kingornga Ornittagaq, after-school institution

    This is the name of institutions in Nuuk, where school-children can stay after the school-day ends, until their parents come home from work.


Search the corpus for further examples.


Tags

References