Details

General

Morphemic form: {tunə}V
New orthography: tunivaa, tunisivoq
Old orthography: tunivâ, tunissivoĸ
Sources: [9, 14]
Combinations: Click here
Right sandhi:
Default/none,
Inflection sandhi:
Default/none,
Stem type: ə-stem
Diathesis: Reflexive (BP)
Valency:
Trivalent,
HTR-morphemes: V{ði}V

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

This stem is trivalent. The meaning is 'Agent gives Patient (something)'. Here Agent and Patient are marked in the verbal ending, whereas the secondary Object (the given thing) is not marked in the ending. Instead, it can optionally be indicated by a noun in the instrumental case (-mik, -nik). Thus, in this construction, focus is on the giver and the recipient, thus giving them a definite meaning, whereas the given thing is defocused, thus giving it an indefinite meaning (an Object). See also {tunnəjut(ə)}V for a construction with focus on the thing given.


Notable forms:

Meanings and examples

With the secondary Object optionally indicated in the instrumental case.

  • atuakkamik tunivaa, he gave him a book

    The optional Object is atuagaq, 'book', given in the instrumental case. It is defocused, hence translated as a book.

  • atuakkamik tunivakkit, I give thee a book

    Agent is 1sg, 'I', Patient is 2sg, 'thee', and both are indicated in the ending.

Usually in combination with V{niaq}V.

This meaning is given in Oqaatsit [14]. It seems to be a reflexive construction, i.e. 'Agent gives off itself'.

  • qalipaat tunivoq, the colour rubs off