Details

General

Morphemic form: N{-li}V
New orthography: -livoq, -sivoq
Old orthography: -livoĸ, -ivoĸ
Sources: [SK71], [JP67], [CWSL58], [FAJN19]
Combinations: View list
Variants: N{-liuq}V
Ancestor(s): +{li}V (PE)
Left sandhi: Truncative, Replacive, /VC/ deleting
Right sandhi: Assibilation (t⇒s)
Inflection sandhi: Default/none
Stem type: Vowel stem

Description and behaviour

Form and usage:

This affix is not productive in modern language, but it exists in many lexicalised combinations. See N{-liuq}V for the modern-day variant corresponding to this morpheme.

The intransitive usage of this affix can furthermore form a passive participle with V{-ðaq}N, which is lexicalised, cf. N{-lijaq}N. What makes this construction special, is that the Patient role, which the resulting noun represents, appears to be equated with the incorporated N itself; i.e. the meaning becomes 'a made N'. See Passive incorporation for a list of affixes that behave similarly.


Left sandhi:

This affix may cause a preceding final syllable /VC/ to drop, especially in combination with the nominal future affix N{kcaq}N, where the combination N{kcaq}N + N{-li}V may yield /kci/. However, there are also examples with other syllables besides /aq/, such as /ak/ and even /əq/, and this may further cause compensatory gemination in the stem. This behaviour may not be regular nowadays, but may be found in older words.


Notable forms:

Inflection

Inflection pattern:

Stem type: Vowel stem
Inflection sandhi: Default/none


Meanings and examples

The stem is agentive, so the meaning reduces to 'Agent makes N' when used with intransitive endings.

  • panertulivoq, he makes dried meat [CBBJRPIKJR97]
  • assilivaa, he makes an image of him [CWSL58]

    This is an example of this affix being used with a transitive ending.

  • atunngivoq, he puts soles in [CWSL58]

    This is an irregularly formed word: the base is atungak, and we see this affix having deleted /ak/ and caused compensatory gemination of /ŋ/ to /ŋŋ/ in the stem.

  • immiorpoq, he makes beer [CWSL58]

    The base here is {əməq}N, 'water'. We see the affix having deleted the final /əq/ and furthermore caused compensatory gemination of /m/ to /mm/ in the stem.

  • aqqutissivaa, he makes a road for him [CWSL58]

    The base is aqqutissaq, i.e. aqqut, 'road/path' plus nominal future affix N{kcaq}N. Here we see this affix having deleted the final /aq/.

Only with intransitive endings. This meaning is described in Nielsen [FAJN19], but seemingly not elsewhere. Maybe influenced by V{li}V?

  • utoqqalivoq, he has become old [FAJN19]

    From utoqqaq, 'old'.


Search the corpus for further examples.


Tags

References